Therefore, we evaluated five different anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays regarding the quantification of anti-spike (S) antibodies. Now a shake-up threatens its image.Reliable quantification of the antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly relevant, e.g., for identifying possible vaccine failure and estimating the time of protection. Xi remade China’s military to his liking.‘Parents should consider teaching kids Indian classical dance due to its multifaceted benefits’: Kathak exponent Dr Parul Purohit Vats.As of now, he has helped science and the country to evaluate the epidemiology of immune response and given motivation to vaccine manufacturers to improve their vaccine. We will know more when we have more information on vaccines for non- responders. His humoral component has not shown positive results and there are chances his immune system is not responding to the specific vaccine. Wouldn’t that make us look at things more positively, especially when lockdowns are easing and we do not know where and when one can be exposed again? What about my nephew then – he has not developed titres even after the second dose? He asked me back. Well, God forbid, if you get infected again, it is now sure that your body is capable of producing a good immune response. Why did I take the test then? asked my patient. While our enemy has understood us well and has started changing its genome, we have a long mile to walk before we conquer it. Regardless, do not lower your guard down. Higher titres also indicate previous infection or probably a better humoral immunity, but your cell-mediated immunity may still be able to keep you protected. I told my patient: Sir, while your immune response is lower than your wife’s, it does not say you have a higher chance of catching infection than your wife. It is not too much to say that in countries like India who are in a race to vaccinate large numbers of people, such a test has an important role. What we have now is something that can assess one part of the immune response against vaccines. But they should not be used as a measure of vaccine efficiency – that’s a completely different ball game.Ĭovid immune response is a complex phenomenon that also involves T-cell mediated immunity. Spike antibody titres can, therefore, provide remarkable information on immunity patterns in the Indian population. The Spike antibody levels in non-vaccinated individuals who were previously infected remained higher till six months compared to the ones who were infected before six months or more. While there is much discussion going on for the gap between two doses, we did not find any significant difference when we studied the spike antibody levels in different dose gap groups of Covishield. The probable explanation for this is the structure of the vaccine: Covishield is targeted specifically against spike protein, while Covaxin uses whole dead virus, there has the potential to target different parts of the virus. The comparative levels were two times higher in those without any known history of Covid infection. Titres of spike antibody were five to six fold higher with Covishield when compared to Covaxin in people who had contracted Covid before. In contrast, levels of spike antibody with the first dose were much higher in people who were previously infected and none of them got a breakthrough infection. Breakthrough infection cases were 23 per cent post the first dose compared to 0.96% of post the second dose, showing that two jabs have better protection. Those who were administered Covaxin had a lesser number of infections post vaccination – but the margin was statistically insignificant. Of those who took Covaxin, 84 per cent showed positive spike antibody titres compared to 97 people of Covishield. The vaccinated were further classified by the vaccine they took, its dose and history of infection pre/post-vaccination. We, at Metropolis, did a study on spike antibody titres in a population of 1,000 individuals grouped by their vaccination status. Do we then question the efficacy of both the vaccine and the test? However, there are questions on interpreting these tests, as raised by my patient, well since no one knows whether the levels of antibodies reported are protective enough? Also, some vaccinated people with spike antibody tests contracted Covid. It has attracted a good response, after being introduced in the market. The Quantitative Spike Antibody test came to the front line when vaccine manufacturers across the world used it to monitor the response to vaccines.
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